Thursday, December 25, 2008
2008年6月29日 比雅士蓄水池野餐
新加坡有三个蓄水池 - 麦里芝蓄水池、实里达蓄水池和比雅士蓄水池，是全家郊游或者野餐的好去处。这三个蓄水池被绿油油的草地、园林和沼泽包围着的宁静景象与城市的喧闹形成鲜明的对比。
6月29日，我们选择了比雅士蓄水池（Lower & Upper Peirce Reserviors）为这天的野餐的地点。比雅士蓄水池分为上段和下段两个部分，两边都很不错。
Lower Peirce 蓄水池的儿童游乐场
Yun Chen at Lower Peirce
Upp Peirce 蓄水池上段
Upp Peirce Reservior 的走道
伟群：6月29日我是在这里打电话给你的喔！
绿油油的草地，大自然多美丽！
2008年3月23日 Sungei Buloh 观鸟一日游
Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve 双溪布洛湿地保护区
双溪布洛湿地保护区是新加坡第一个也是唯一一个受保护的沼泽自然公园。这个面积达87公顷的自然保护区里栖居着超过500种热带动植物，是候鸟途经东亚的主要中途停留站。精心建造的亭台楼阁和行人走道让您能从近处观赏园内动植物。
看小朋友发现什么东西？
拥有新加坡85％红树种类的双溪布洛，动植物种类都非常丰富。2002年，这里被生物学家认定为“东亚－大洋洲”地带候鸟迁徙路线上一个重要的据点，可以在这里观察到的候鸟品种有220个。翌年，双溪布洛成为新加坡第一个“亚细安公园遗产”。
佐约格拉夫博士是生态保护方面的专家，他指出，要人们停止现代化发展是不可能、也不实际的想法。因此可行的观念是“为了人类的发展而保护环境”，这一来，受保护的城市环境，反而成为许多动物的庇护所。
回归原点
还是桥下的东西比较有吸引力！
与大自然的接触也是一种享受。
野生的诺尼果(Noni fruit)，你见过吗？
保护区内建有观望塔，可登高望远
沿着公园边建的木桥
环绕保护区的走道，沿着它走就不会迷路了！
妈妈乐龄的朋友
双溪布洛湿地保护区是新加坡第一个也是唯一一个受保护的沼泽自然公园。这个面积达87公顷的自然保护区里栖居着超过500种热带动植物，是候鸟途经东亚的主要中途停留站。精心建造的亭台楼阁和行人走道让您能从近处观赏园内动植物。
看小朋友发现什么东西？
拥有新加坡85％红树种类的双溪布洛，动植物种类都非常丰富。2002年，这里被生物学家认定为“东亚－大洋洲”地带候鸟迁徙路线上一个重要的据点，可以在这里观察到的候鸟品种有220个。翌年，双溪布洛成为新加坡第一个“亚细安公园遗产”。
佐约格拉夫博士是生态保护方面的专家，他指出，要人们停止现代化发展是不可能、也不实际的想法。因此可行的观念是“为了人类的发展而保护环境”，这一来，受保护的城市环境，反而成为许多动物的庇护所。
回归原点
还是桥下的东西比较有吸引力！
与大自然的接触也是一种享受。
野生的诺尼果(Noni fruit)，你见过吗？
保护区内建有观望塔，可登高望远
沿着公园边建的木桥
环绕保护区的走道，沿着它走就不会迷路了！
妈妈乐龄的朋友
2008年2月29日妈妈做客家菜粄
我们有机会尝到客家菜粄是在马六甲的外婆家。每次去探望外婆时，她就会做客家菜粄和擂茶这两样传统客家美食。虽是客家美食，但不是所有客家人都会做的，我就不曾见祖母、父亲叔婶他们做过这类的客家食品。
客家粄涵盖的种类很多，有用大米做的，也有用糯米粉做的，还有用木薯粉做，经过不同的加工手法制作出来，种类繁多。客家菜粄有别于一般的笋粄，皮是用粘米粉和糯米粉以一定的比例做成，皮不透明但有一种朴实感，我个人就喜欢这种朴实无华，不矫作的真诚。
做菜粄的第一步骤是做粄皮：
粄皮的原料：
先将粘米粉和糯米粉混合均匀，冲入开水搅拌成糊
搓好面团就可捏粄皮，包入馅料即可拿去蒸。
馅料中必不可少的是中国青蒜，少了它就不是我们家的菜粄了。其它还有豆干、虾米等。
捏好的菜粄有如一个个的元宝，实在可爱。
蒸熟的菜粄，朴实不造作，吃了包你念念不忘！
以后有机会，千万别错过妈妈做的客家菜粄喔！
客家粄涵盖的种类很多，有用大米做的，也有用糯米粉做的，还有用木薯粉做，经过不同的加工手法制作出来，种类繁多。客家菜粄有别于一般的笋粄，皮是用粘米粉和糯米粉以一定的比例做成，皮不透明但有一种朴实感，我个人就喜欢这种朴实无华，不矫作的真诚。
做菜粄的第一步骤是做粄皮：
粄皮的原料：
先将粘米粉和糯米粉混合均匀，冲入开水搅拌成糊
搓好面团就可捏粄皮，包入馅料即可拿去蒸。
馅料中必不可少的是中国青蒜，少了它就不是我们家的菜粄了。其它还有豆干、虾米等。
捏好的菜粄有如一个个的元宝，实在可爱。
蒸熟的菜粄，朴实不造作，吃了包你念念不忘！
以后有机会，千万别错过妈妈做的客家菜粄喔！
Thursday, July 31, 2008
Let's Stop Poisoning Our Children
Safety Message to Parents, from
"Let's Stop Poisoning Our Children"
a booklet by Debra Lynn Dadd
As a parent, you do everything you can to protect your child's health and well being, don't you? Of course you do. You feed your children nutritious food, make sure they get fresh air and exercise, tell them to look both ways before crossing the street, and protect them from well-known hazards such as burns, electrical shocks, falls, and choking.
There is another hazard you may not be aware of: toxic chemicals that are present right in your own home. Scientists and doctors are discovering that there is a connection between our health and the use of common, everyday household chemicals. If yours is the typical home, you probably use dozens of cleaning and personal care products, purchased at the local grocery store, that contain chemical igredients that may be harmful to you and your children.
Since World War II, there has been a dramatic rise in the number of man-made chemicals we use in our homes. The typical home now contains over sixty-three hazardous products that together contain hundreds of different chemicals. At the same time, there has been an equally dramatic rise in the incidence of certain chronic health problems, expecially in children. More children are afflicted with asthma, learning problems, and cancer than ever before. I'll bet you personally know a child with one of these conditions. I certainly do. Research indicates that it is more than coincidence that the unprecedented rise in these various diseases has occurred in the same time period as the increased use of hazardous, man-made chemicals in our homes.
Your home is the #1 source of toxic chemicals
Because we spend 80% to 90% of our time indoors, and most of that at home, our own home is where we are most likely to be exposed to toxic chemicals. This is especially true for young children, who spend even more time indoors than adults and older children.
Why are our homes so toxic? In the last two decades - the same period during which childhood illnesses have increased - there has been an alarming increase of toxic chemicals in household products, and for the first time we have been sealing our homes for energy efficiency. Weatherstripping and caulking do an excellent job of keeping the air you have heated or cooled inside your home. But the lack of openings for air to escape also traps chemical air pollutants, resulting in a greater concentration of pollutatants indoors than out. EPA studies found that even in urban areas with high levels of industrial pollution the concentration of toxic chemicals was higher indoors than outdoors - in some cases ten, twenty, thirty, and even up to seventy times higher indoors!
Because we spend 80% to 90% of our time indoors, and most of that at home, our own home is where we are most likely to be exposed to toxic chemicals. This is especially true for young children, who spend even more time indoors than adults and older children.
Why are our homes so toxic? In the last two decades - the same period during which childhood illnesses have increased - there has been an alarming increase of toxic chemicals in household products, and for the first time we have been sealing our homes for energy efficiency. Weatherstripping and caulking do an excellent job of keeping the air you have heated or cooled inside your home. But the lack of openings for air to escape also traps chemical air pollutants, resulting in a greater concentration of pollutatants indoors than out. EPA studies found that even in urban areas with high levels of industrial pollution the concentration of toxic chemicals was higher indoors than outdoors - in some cases ten, twenty, thirty, and even up to seventy times higher indoors!
In 1987, the EPA undertook an ambitious program to identify and compare the urgency of environmental problems. The idea was that, with limited resources, the agency should be focusing on those pollutants that pose the greatest risk to society. Among the top hazards were those found indoors, including exposure to cleaning products.
Another study, conducted over a fifteen-year period, found that women who worked at home had a 54% higher death rate from cancer than women who had jobs away from home. The study concluded that the increased death rate was due to daily exposure to the hazardous chemicals found in ordinary household products. Obviously, the children in these homes were exposed to the same chemicals, with even greater risk for illness.
How Toxic Chemicals Affect the Health of Children
According to Philip Landrigan, M.D. of Mount Sinai Medical Center, the most pressing health issues for children today are:
- the rise of asthma
According to Philip Landrigan, M.D. of Mount Sinai Medical Center, the most pressing health issues for children today are:
- the rise of asthma
- the rise of childhood cancers
- the rise in central nervous disorders, Attention Deficit Disorder, and other learning disorders as the result of environmental neurotoxins
- the effects of endocrine disruptors.
All these are related to toxic chemical exposure in the home. Other common childhood problems that arise from exposure to toxic chemicals include birth defects and Suddent Infant Death Syndrome.
The Laws Don't Protect Us
Most of us believe that the government has laws that protect us from harmful products. Yes, there are laws, but they don't protect us very well.
Most of us believe that the government has laws that protect us from harmful products. Yes, there are laws, but they don't protect us very well.
Unfortunately, many products are assumed to be safe and are allowed to be sold in the marketplace without adequate testing. Of the 17,000 chemicals that appear in common household products, only 30% have been adequately tested for their negative effects on our health; less than 10% have been tested for their effect on the nervous system; and nothing is known about the combined effects of these chemcials when mixed within our bodies. It is only after the health of many consumers are affected that the government begins to look into possible health effects, and make regulations.
It would take a whole book to cover the safety and danger of every household product, so, for the purpose of this booklet, let's just focus on two of the most commonly used household products that are of particular danger to children: cleaning products and personal care products.
Toxic Ingredients in Personal Care Products
Personal care products are made to put on your skin, in your hair, or in your mouth. But many ingredients used in personal care products are also toxic and can be either ingested during use (like some ingredients in mouthwash and toothpaste), or can be easily absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream (like some ingredients in soaps, lotions, creams, cosmetics, shampoos, deodorants, etc.).
Personal care products are made to put on your skin, in your hair, or in your mouth. But many ingredients used in personal care products are also toxic and can be either ingested during use (like some ingredients in mouthwash and toothpaste), or can be easily absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream (like some ingredients in soaps, lotions, creams, cosmetics, shampoos, deodorants, etc.).
What is the Solution?
Contact me: Braun 90091515
Sunday, March 30, 2008
客家米酒做法
客家米酒做法 糯米酒
糯米 1公斤
酒饼 2个
红麯 五毛钱
制法：糯米蒸熟冷却，酒饼晒干锺碎与红麯混合均匀撒于糯米饭上,加水一杯,封盖放置一个月.
糯米 1公斤
酒饼 2个
红麯 五毛钱
制法：糯米蒸熟冷却，酒饼晒干锺碎与红麯混合均匀撒于糯米饭上,加水一杯,封盖放置一个月.
葡萄酒
葡萄干 1公斤
冰糖 1公斤
酒饼 10个
水 5公升
制法：葡萄干与冰糖、水煮开，放冷，酒饼晒干锺碎加入封盖放置三个月.
葡萄干 1公斤
冰糖 1公斤
酒饼 10个
水 5公升
制法：葡萄干与冰糖、水煮开，放冷，酒饼晒干锺碎加入封盖放置三个月.
客家酒俗文化
客家人十分好客，每当亲朋戚友到来，他们都喜欢以家酿米酒相待，这种米酒又称“水酒”，如是初开坛提取的酒，称之为“酒娘”。这种“酒娘”好喝，度数虽然不高，但后劲大，容易醉人。他们在喝酒时，很注意礼节。
客家人喜欢使用四方桌，俗称“八仙桌”，一种可供八个人同坐的木头桌。上座时，他们很重视席位的安排，一般按亲朋戚友的尊卑入席就坐。宴席间的大小位，是这样安排的，如正厅只排有一张桌子，这时以面对大门的左侧为首位，右侧为第二位。然后从左到右，穿插论序，面对正厅的右侧为最小。如果安排二张桌子，这时候以左边桌位为大，右边为小，席位大小也是穿插而行。如果安排三桌，称之为“一品席”，这种情况，以首席为尊。如果安排五桌，一般要排成“梅花席”。
宴席间第一回斟酒（亦称筛酒），是按尊卑长幼次序先后斟酒，最后再给自己斟酒。酒斟好后，酒壶嘴不能对客人，要对着自己，否则就是失礼。
敬酒时，敬酒者要站起来，左手摁胸（表示尊敬和诚意），右手举杯讲几句祝颂的吉祥语，并且要先喝表示敬意。有人迟到，视不同情况罚酒1-3杯，妇女半杯。如中途退席，要喝1-3杯，才能离席。
客家人喝酒时，为了增添酒兴和热闹气氛，在各种宴会场合，或俗、或雅、或简、或繁，都有猜拳助兴的习俗。猜拳时还有一些规则，比如出三时，不能拇指、中指、食指一起出。出一时，大拇指要侧向，不能往上翘。出二时，如使用大拇指、食指表示，出手时要侧向，不能象灯驳壳枪一样食指指向对方，以表示礼貌。客家人酒令，具有丰富的知识性。猜拳的数字从零到拾，如猜中双方所出的手指合计数，即为胜方。如双方同时猜中或均未猜中，也有采取“四字式”叫法，比如猜“一”时叫“一品高升”；猜“二”时，叫“两家和好”；猜“三”时叫“三星高照”；猜“四”时叫“四季发财”；猜“五”时叫“五子登科”；猜“六”时叫“六六顺心”；猜“七”时叫“七巧成图”；猜“八”时叫“八仙庆寿”；猜“九”时叫“九久长长”；猜“十”时叫“十全十美”。所以喊的就是吉祥语。喝酒猜拳时，一般以三杯酒为一组，输拳者喝酒，三杯酒喝完就算过关。如余兴未了，可再来一组或几组。如需请人代拳、代酒，应和对方协商，征得对方同意才行。
除了猜拳斗酒外，还有出手指点数字斗酒，做法是席间指定一人为首，按大家所出手指的总数，算到谁，谁就得喝一杯，例如大家所出手指是六，从为首者算起，到第六位即为喝酒者。另外也有“转汤匙”斗酒的，桌中摆一个汤匙，由一人旋转汤匙，待汤匙停止转动时，汤匙柄指向谁，谁就得喝一杯。除外还有“猜单双”斗酒的，在手心中任意放入一枚或两枚硬币，让别人猜单、双，输者喝酒。
客家人酒令花样多，有文化的人还喜欢“字词令”（包括地方特产令、农谚令等）、“诗词令”，此外还有“通令”（多是别出心裁，涉及意趣，令人忍俊不禁。），包括猜谜等。客家人喜欢通过酒规酒令、这一群众喜闻乐见的娱乐游戏，增添酒兴，消除寂寞困倦，直至尽欢尽醉。
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